Discoveries

A century from prediction to detection

Gravitational waves went from a theoretical prediction to a routine astronomical signal in just over 100 years. Here are the milestones that made it possible.

  1. 1916

    Einstein predicts gravitational waves

    General relativity implies that accelerating masses ripple spacetime, sending waves outward at the speed of light.

    Source: LIGO science
  2. 1974

    Hulse–Taylor binary pulsar

    A decaying pulsar orbit matched the energy loss expected from gravitational waves, offering the first indirect evidence.

  3. Sep 14, 2015

    First direct detection (GW150914)

    LIGO recorded the merger of two black holes — the first direct observation of gravitational waves.

    Source: Event catalog
  4. 2017

    Nobel Prize in Physics

    The prize recognized decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves.

  5. 2017

    GW170817 — multi-messenger astronomy

    A neutron-star merger was seen in gravitational waves and light, launching multi-messenger astronomy.

    Source: Event catalog
  6. 2025

    O4 observing run completed

    The fourth observing run wrapped up, expanding the catalog of confirmed transient sources.

  7. 2026

    GWTC-5.0 catalog released

    The latest transient catalog reached 390 confirmed gravitational-wave events.

    Source: GWOSC
  8. 2030 (target)

    LIGO-India first observations

    A new detector in India aims to sharpen sky localization across the global network.